France Adine under the title:

"The Art of Granting Freedom," from which we excerpt the following:

Education is an art — perhaps the most difficult and important of the arts. Some parents boast that they grant freedom of action to their children who are twelve or fifteen or eighteen years of age. This means indifference toward them; and neglect has never been a form of education, even a modest one — quite the contrary. And what sort of freedom would it be but a deformed freedom, misused, harming its possessor and all around him as well — unless those who enjoy it at this very early age are singular creatures endowed with uprightness, prudence, and understanding!!

We must distinguish, then, between the beautiful freedom and license of action given to the young, and that unconcern which carries surprises never pleasant. Freedom — I mean true freedom, necessary for the steady, harmonious, balanced growth of the human being and his advance toward bodily, psychological, and intellectual completeness — requires a preparing and a readying that extend over years. Therefore, to bring up a child means to give him all your attention and all your care, day after day and hour after hour — provided that this attention remain hidden when he can do without your help, but stand ready with explanation, or accompanied by help and support, when he turns to you asking for it. I say your help, and I do not say your smoothing away of the difficulties; for the child must understand, from the first years of his life, that every individual has his share of effort, and that it is base to shirk bearing it.

And the child who grows up in a stern, rigid environment fond of inflicting punishments cannot thereafter fully show his aptitudes and his gifts. Cruelty and excessive severity — like the love that wards off all responsibility from the child, and like the neglect and unconcern that dry up the heart — are all the worst methods of education.

True education must rest upon mutual trust, which is a blend of love and respect. The child has the right to be respected; and as for those who stifle his inclinations and silence his gifts without weighty cause, they are failed parents and criminal educators!

It is indeed a crime to treat our grown children as though they were people beneath us in humanity, and with something of the spirit of mastery! Yes, nothing is finer than that children should surround their parents with service and help; but only love wins love, and this love can never be selfish! And how can we forget that the creature we have brought into life is a creature possessing what we possess? And when parents have completed the education of their adolescent children, they should thereafter leave them free to choose their kind of life, if they are among those endowed with special gifts or aptitudes — yet without neglecting to furnish them with some friendly counsels drawn from experience. As for our grown children who have reached the age of marriage, whether young men or young women, it is wise to allow them to see and to mix with their companions of both sexes, and to open the way for them to honorable kinds of amusement; for if we have brought them up well, and trained them well, we have nothing to fear thereafter from any misuse of their freedom.

4 — And in an article by the writer Berthe Bernage, under the title "Enthusiasm," we read the following:

Enthusiasm is among the most effective of incentives and the strongest of the driving forces of humanity. Without enthusiasm we should have attained no progress and no reform, nor should we have had any form of the arts — sculpture or painting, music or architecture; the scientist and the inventor are people who live in continual enthusiasm. Let us consider, then, when we think of our children, that we possess no right to extinguish the ember of their ardor, but must be builders with them and not destroyers. We must

refrain from resorting to criticism of any matter whatever, whatever the circumstances may be, and must not always and beforehand see the existing bad side of the things they mention to us. Children who grow up in an environment that subjects every topic to criticism, offers every negative remark, belittles the importance of every idea and its merits while exaggerating the display of its dangers, and casts shadows over every clear idea or noble deed or sincere devotion — such children grow up in selfishness and unconcern for anything, and become in the future insipid personalities, without taste and without aspiration toward anything clear or constructive. And can such children ever be happy in life! Enthusiasm is the salt of life, and its flame; without it, life would become cold and hollow, without meaning and without savor.

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