to develop the child's personality, since he is brought up at his mother's side instead of the maid's; and thus his relation with his parents is marked by much of the spirit of friendship and freedom from ceremony.

The scouting organizations have a great effect on the child's person-ality; their branches are spread through most of the schools there, and the child joins them from the age of seven. Nor should we forget the summer camps: rarely is there an institution that does not set up camps in summer for the young and for youth. The American mother considers sending her daughter there an effective step toward her self-reliance.

The American girl of fourteen may stand at a weaker level than her Lebanese counterpart in the field of her studies, but she is bolder than she and stronger

in personality. At that age, moreover, she will already have begun earning the greater part of her own spending money. There are special bureaus in every ele-mentary school which undertake to secure work for the girls and to look into the kind of families that ask a schoolgirl's help in caring temporarily for the children.

Since elementary and secondary education are free in the United States, the girl does not leave school before the age of 16 to 18, and by then she is prepared either to work as an employee or a simple secretary, or to complete her higher studies. The number of those entering the universities keeps increasing, but the university student most often takes on the payment of her study expenses herself. The proportion of girl students who do extra work to earn the costs of study is about

70 percent of the students. The university dining halls, for exam-ple, are empty of servants, so the girl students serve out the food and present it, and afterwards wash the dishes and plates there. You may see a girl working on her thesis for the doctorate in history, and yet she devotes three hours daily to working as a waiter in the town restaurant or a saleswoman in a grocery shop.

I once met a student who had reached her fifth year in the study of medicine, and she was working as a taxi driver three hours a day. When I showed my astonishment at the kind of work she did, she said: "In this trade I take a wage higher than what I might earn if I worked those three hours in the hospital; and then, do not forget that working as a driver rests my nerves each day from the strain of study!!"