increases. When the great kettle is empty he kicks it with his foot. The poor wretches depart, but Father Guardiano rebukes him for his ill conduct. The two are soon earnestly discussing the case of a new member of the order, Father Raffaello, the dark-complexioned, mysterious young man. They agree that he is amiable, but neither of them knows who he is or whence he came. In truth — as we learn later — this monk is none other than Don Alvaro, who has come, like Leonora, to end his life in that monastery in renunciation and hermitage.

Don Carlo, who has followed Don Alvaro's steps to the monastery, arrives and asks to see Father Raffaello. Don Alvaro appears, wearing the monks' habit, his head shaven. Carlo challenges him to a duel, giving him his choice between two swords he carries. Don Alvaro does his utmost to avoid the quarrel. He is pained at being branded a coward, and kneels before the adversary whom he does not wish to harm. When Don Carlo insults Alvaro's lineage, Don Alvaro consents to take up the sword for a single moment, then casts it to the ground, preferring to hold fast to his sacred vows. At last Don Carlo strikes him with the sword, and the former soldier can endure it no longer. He draws the sword and rushes out, still in the monks' habit, to duel with Don Carlo, as the curtain falls.

Scene Two: outside Leonora's cave, near the monastery.

Leonora comes out of the cave in which she has passed five years and sings the last of her moving prayers, which opens: "Peace, peace, O Lord God!" In it she confesses that she still abides in her love of Don Alvaro, and asks now for nothing but death. She withdraws swiftly the moment she hears the clash of arms.

Don Carlo and Don Alvaro

are dueling fiercely at the back of the stage. The clang of their crossed swords is heard as they vanish behind a great rock. But a moment passes before Don Alvaro appears alone, having dealt the deathblow to his adversary Don Carlo, and come to seek help for him. The terrified Leonora rings the bell whose peal summons Father Guardiano in the hour of danger; then her eye falls upon Don Alvaro. The two lovers, so long parted, know each other again. Don Alvaro explains to her what he has done, and Leonora rushes behind the rock to see her wounded brother. But Don Carlo, who will not forgive her even in

his last death-throes, stabs her in the heart as she bends over him. She comes back mortally wounded, supported by Father Guardiano, who has hastened at her cry for help.

Don Alvaro curses fate, and the priest admonishes him with all calm and gentleness. And as Leonora breathes her last she says that Heaven has granted her the strength to promise Don Alvaro pardon and forgiveness. He falls to his knees, broken-hearted, at her side, and the curtain descends little by little while Father Guardiano repeats that she has ascended to her Maker.

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